2023-12-03 22:14
(This post was last modified: 2024-01-04 14:06 by Forumotajs.)
100 gadu vecumā miris Henrijs Kisindžers
Born in Germany, Kissinger came to the United States in 1938 as a Jewish refugee fleeing Nazi persecution. He served in the U.S. Army during World War II, and, after the war, was educated at Harvard University, where he became a professor of government and earned an international reputation as an expert on nuclear weapons and foreign policy. He frequently acted as a consultant to government agencies, think tanks, and the presidential campaigns of Nelson Rockefeller and Nixon before being appointed national security advisor.
Kissinger pioneered the policy of détente with the Soviet Union, orchestrated the Sino-Soviet split and an opening of relations with China, engaged in "shuttle diplomacy" in the Middle East to end the Yom Kippur War, and negotiated the Paris Peace Accords, which ended American involvement in the Vietnam War. For the latter, he was awarded the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize under controversial circumstances.[5] After leaving government, Kissinger founded Kissinger Associates, an international geopolitical consulting firm. He authored over a dozen books on diplomatic history and international relations.
Kissinger's legacy is a polarizing subject in American politics. He is widely denounced as "having abandoned American values" due to his adherence to Realpolitik, which included overlooking human rights violations by allies—including those involved in war crimes—if it was judged to be geopolitically advantageous.[6][7] However, he is also considered by many scholars as an ultrarealist who successfully reshaped foreign policy in American interests, prevented nuclear proliferation, as well as a conflict between the United States and Soviet Union; he is therefore often ranked as one of the most effective secretaries of state in American history.
Born in Germany, Kissinger came to the United States in 1938 as a Jewish refugee fleeing Nazi persecution. He served in the U.S. Army during World War II, and, after the war, was educated at Harvard University, where he became a professor of government and earned an international reputation as an expert on nuclear weapons and foreign policy. He frequently acted as a consultant to government agencies, think tanks, and the presidential campaigns of Nelson Rockefeller and Nixon before being appointed national security advisor.
Kissinger pioneered the policy of détente with the Soviet Union, orchestrated the Sino-Soviet split and an opening of relations with China, engaged in "shuttle diplomacy" in the Middle East to end the Yom Kippur War, and negotiated the Paris Peace Accords, which ended American involvement in the Vietnam War. For the latter, he was awarded the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize under controversial circumstances.[5] After leaving government, Kissinger founded Kissinger Associates, an international geopolitical consulting firm. He authored over a dozen books on diplomatic history and international relations.
Kissinger's legacy is a polarizing subject in American politics. He is widely denounced as "having abandoned American values" due to his adherence to Realpolitik, which included overlooking human rights violations by allies—including those involved in war crimes—if it was judged to be geopolitically advantageous.[6][7] However, he is also considered by many scholars as an ultrarealist who successfully reshaped foreign policy in American interests, prevented nuclear proliferation, as well as a conflict between the United States and Soviet Union; he is therefore often ranked as one of the most effective secretaries of state in American history.
"Kā cilvēks, kam trūkst pašcieņas, nav dīdzējs, bet nīcējs, tā arī tauta, kurai nav pašapziņas." K.Mīlenbahs